As the westernmost capital of mainland Europe, Lisbon stands as a gateway between the Old World and the Atlantic. It is where ancient ruins coexist with modern art galleries and where the melancholic strains of Fado music float through cobblestone streets. Here are 20 must-sees that capture the essence of this vibrant city.
Lose Yourself in the Alfama District
Alfama, the oldest and arguably the most atmospheric district in Lisbon, invites you to lose yourself in its labyrinth of narrow alleyways, steep staircases, and hidden courtyards. This neighborhood, with its Moorish influences, survived the devastating 1755 earthquake, preserving its medieval charm. As you wander, you'll encounter colourful buildings adorned with azulejo tiles, local residents chatting from wrought-iron balconies, and the echoing melodies of Fado music emanating from cosy taverns.
Climb the Miradouro da Senhora do Monte, one of the city's highest viewpoints, for panoramic vistas stretching across red-tiled rooftops to the shimmering Tagus River. Along the way, discover the Lisbon Cathedral (Sé de Lisboa), a Roman Catholic cathedral dating back to the 12th century, and the Casa dos Bicos, a uniquely faceted building now housing the José Saramago Foundation.
Address: Alfama District, 1100-251 Lisbon
Nearest Public Transportation: Santa Apolónia Station (Metro Blue Line)
Marvel at the Belem Tower
Standing guard at the mouth of the Tagus River, the Belem Tower is a symbol of Portugal's Age of Discoveries and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Built in the early 16th century, this fortress is a masterpiece of Manueline architecture, characterized by ornate maritime motifs carved into limestone. As you explore its five floors, you'll encounter cannons in the lower battery, the King's Chamber, and a rooftop terrace offering sweeping views of the river and the Monument to the Discoveries.
The tower's history is as rich as its design—it served variously as a fortress, a prison, and a customs outpost. The delicate stonework, including intricate rope and knot designs, reflects Portugal's seafaring heritage and the wealth that flowed into the country during its golden era of exploration.
Address: Avenida Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon
Website: Belém Tower
Nearest Public Transportation: Belém Station (Tram 15 or Bus 728)
Discover the Splendor of Jeronimos Monastery
A short walk from the Belem Tower brings you to the awe-inspiring Jeronimos Monastery, another UNESCO World Heritage site that stands as a testament to Portugal's maritime prowess. Commissioned by King Manuel I in 1501, the monastery is a stunning example of Manueline architecture, blending Gothic and Renaissance styles with lavish decorations inspired by seafaring and exploration.
Inside, the Church of Santa Maria de Belem houses the tombs of notable figures like Vasco da Gama and the poet Luís de Camoes. The monastery's cloisters are breathtaking, featuring intricate stone carvings of sea creatures, rope, and other nautical elements. The serene ambiance provides a contemplative space to reflect on the history and artistry that surrounds you.
Address: Praca do Imperio 1400-206, Lisbon
Website: Jeronimos Monastery
Nearest Public Transportation: Belem Station (Tram 15 or Bus 728)
Indulge in Pasteis de Belem
No culinary journey in Lisbon is complete without savouring the original Pasteis de Belem. These iconic Portuguese custard tarts have been baked fresh daily at the Antiga Confeitaria de Belem since 1837, using a secret recipe passed down through generations. The tarts feature a flaky, buttery crust filled with creamy custard, lightly caramelized on top, and traditionally sprinkled with powdered sugar and cinnamon.
Join the queue of locals and tourists alike, and enjoy your pastries in the charming tiled interiors of the café or take them to go for a sweet treat as you explore the neighborhood. These tarts' rich history and undeniable deliciousness make them a must-try experience.
Address: Rua de Belém 84-92, 1300-085 Lisbon
Website: Pastéis de Belém
Nearest Public Transportation: Belem Station (Tram 15 or Bus 728)
Ascend to Sao Jorge Castle
Perched atop a hill overlooking Lisbon, Sao Jorge Castle offers a journey through centuries of Portuguese history along with some of the most spectacular views of the city. Originally a Moorish fortress, the castle was captured by the Portuguese in the 12th century and has since served as a royal palace, military barracks, and now a national monument.
As you wander through its grounds, explore the towers and ramparts, and stroll along the fortified walls, you'll uncover archaeological sites dating back to the Iron Age. The castle's garden areas are home to peacocks and other wildlife, adding a touch of whimsy to your visit. Don't miss the Camera Obscura periscope for a unique, 360-degree view of Lisbon in real-time.
Address: Rua de Santa Cruz do Castelo, 1100-129 Lisbon
Website: São Jorge Castle
Nearest Public Transportation: Martim Moniz Station (Metro Green Line), then Tram 12E or a steep walk
Ride the Iconic Tram 28
Embarking on a journey aboard Tram 28 is akin to stepping into a moving postcard of Lisbon. These historic yellow trams have been navigating the city's narrow, winding streets since the 1930s, offering an intimate glimpse into Lisbon's most cherished neighbourhoods' daily life and architectural wonders. Starting at Martim Moniz Square, the tram weaves through Graça, Alfama, Baixa, and Estrela, passing by landmarks such as the Sé Cathedral and the Basilica da Estrela. For the best views, try to secure a window seat on the right side of the tram as it departs from Martim Moniz.
Address: Start at Martim Moniz Square, Lisbon
Website: Carris
Nearest Public Transportation: Martim Moniz (Tram 28)
Explore Bairro Alto and Chiado
The neighborhoods of Bairro Alto and Chiado represent the dynamic duality of Lisbon—historic charm meets modern sophistication. By day, Chiado is a bustling district filled with high-end shops, theaters, and historic cafes like A Brasileira, where literary figures once convened. Visit the ruins of the Carmo Convent, a Gothic church left roofless after the 1755 earthquake, which now houses an archaeological museum.
As evening falls, Bairro Alto transforms into the heart of Lisbon's nightlife. The streets come alive with music from Fado houses, trendy bars, and intimate restaurants. The vibrant street art and the bohemian atmosphere make it an ideal place to experience Lisbon's contemporary culture.
Address: Bairro Alto and Chiado Districts, Lisbon
Nearest Public Transportation: Baixa-Chiado Station (Metro Blue and Green Lines)
Immerse Yourself in Modern Art at MAAT
The Museum of Art, Architecture, and Technology (MAAT) is a striking example of Lisbon's commitment to contemporary culture. Located on the banks of the Tagus River in the Belem district, the MAAT's undulating structure, designed by British architect Amanda Levete, invites visitors to walk over and under its flowing forms.
Inside, the museum hosts a rotating program of exhibitions that explore the intersection of art, architecture, and technology. The adjacent Tejo Power Station, a beautifully preserved example of industrial architecture, houses permanent exhibits on energy and the environment. Together, they offer a thought-provoking experience that bridges the past and future.
Address: Avenida Brasília, 1300-598 Lisbon
Website: MAAT
Nearest Public Transportation: Belém Station (Tram 15 or Bus 728)
Experience Creativity at LX Factory
Tucked beneath the iconic 25 de Abril Bridge in the Alcantara district, LX Factory is a vibrant creative hub within a reclaimed 19th-century industrial complex. Once home to textile companies and printing presses, the area now buzzes with life as artists, designers, and entrepreneurs have transformed it into a cultural hotspot.
Explore an eclectic mix of boutique shops, art studios, and concept stores. Don't miss the Ler Devagar bookstore, renowned for its towering bookshelves and whimsical flying bicycle installation. The factory's walls serve as canvases for street artists, making every corner a potential discovery. On Sundays, the outdoor market offers handmade crafts, vintage goods, and gourmet street food.
Address: Rua Rodrigues de Faria 103, 1300-501 Lisbon
Website: LX Factory
Nearest Public Transportation: Alcântara-Mar Station (Train), Buses 714, 727
Admire the National Tile Museum
Housed in the former Convent of Madre de Deus, the National Tile Museum, Museu Nacional do Azulejo. is dedicated to the art of azulejos—glazed ceramic tiles that are a quintessential element of Portuguese aesthetics. Spanning from the 15th century to contemporary works, the museum's collection showcases the evolution of this art form.
Highlights include a 23-meter-long panoramic tile panel depicting Lisbon before the 1755 earthquake, offering a fascinating glimpse into the city's past. The museum's chapel is an exquisite example of baroque decoration, with gilded woodwork and ornate tiles. The blend of art, history, and architecture enriches visitors.
Address: Rua da Madre de Deus 4, 1900-312 Lisbon
Website: National Tile Museum
Nearest Public Transportation: Santa Apolónia Station (Metro Blue Line), Bus 759
Savor Coffee at Café A Brasileira
Stepping into Café A Brasileira is like stepping back into the early 20th century, when this establishment was a hub for Lisbon's intellectual and artistic elite. Opened in 1905, it has retained its Art Deco interiors, with polished wood, mirrored walls, and ornate brass fittings.
Located in the Chiado district, the café is famous for its association with the poet Fernando Pessoa, whose bronze statue sits outside, eternally enjoying a coffee. Indulge in a bica (Portuguese espresso) and pastel de nata as you soak in the ambiance, imagining the spirited conversations that once took place within these walls.
Address: Rua Garrett 120, 1200-205 Lisbon
Website: Café A Brasileira
Nearest Public Transportation: Baixa-Chiado Station (Metro Blue and Green Lines)
Explore the Oceanario de Lisboa
Located in the Parque das Nacoes, the Oceanario de Lisboa is Europe's largest indoor aquarium and a leader in marine conservation and education. Designed by American architect Peter Chermayeff, the oceanarium seems to float on the water, reflecting its deep connection with the sea.
The central tank, holding five million litres of seawater, is home to various species, including sharks, rays, and the rare sunfish. Surrounding habitats replicate ocean ecosystems, from Antarctic penguin colonies to tropical coral reefs. Interactive exhibits and educational programs make it an engaging experience for all ages.
Address: Esplanada Dom Carlos I, 1990-005 Lisbon
Website: Lisbon Oceanarium
Nearest Public Transportation: Oriente Station (Metro Red Line)
Escape to the Enchanting Town of Sintra
A mere 40-minute train ride from Lisbon transports you to the fairy-tale landscapes of Sintra, a UNESCO World Heritage site nestled in the Serra de Sintra mountains. The town is dotted with whimsical palaces, mystical gardens, and ancient castles, all set against lush, forested hills.
Visit the Pena Palace, an extravagant Romanticist castle painted in vivid hues, perched atop a peak with panoramic views. Explore the enigmatic Quinta da Regaleira, where underground tunnels and the famous Initiation Well beckon you into a world of symbolism and mystery. The Moorish Castle offers a glimpse into the region's medieval past, with its stone walls snaking across the hillsides.
Address: Sintra, 2710-595 Lisbon District
Website: Parques de Sintra
Nearest Public Transportation: Rossio Station (Train to Sintra)
Ascend the Santa Justa Lift
An architectural gem in the heart of Lisbon, the Santa Justa Lift is a practical means of transportation and a tourist attraction. Designed by Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard, a student of Gustave Eiffel, the lift's neo-Gothic ironwork is reminiscent of the Eiffel Tower's intricate design.
The elevator connects the lower streets of Baixa with the higher Largo do Carmo, offering passengers a unique perspective of the city during the 45-meter ascent. At the top, a viewing platform provides panoramic views of Lisbon's skyline, including Rossio Square, the Tagus River, and the ruins of the Carmo Convent.
Address: Rua do Ouro, 1150-060 Lisbon
Website: Santa Justa Lift
Nearest Public Transportation: Baixa-Chiado Station (Metro Blue and Green Lines)
Watch the Sunset from Miradouro da Graca
Lisbon's hills are adorned with miradouros (viewpoints), and Miradouro da Graca stands out as one of the most captivating spots to witness the city's sunset. Adjacent to the Graca Church, the terrace offers unobstructed views over the red rooftops, the imposing Sao Jorge Castle, and the shimmering Tagus River.
As the sun dips below the horizon, the sky transforms into a canvas of warm hues, casting a golden glow over the cityscape. The relaxed atmosphere is enhanced by a small café kiosk, where you can enjoy a glass of wine or a refreshing beverage. Street musicians often add a melodic backdrop to this serene setting.
Address: Largo da Graça, 1170-165 Lisbon
Nearest Public Transportation: Martim Moniz Station (Metro Green Line), then Tram 28E or Bus 734
Read more about Lisbon's miradouros: A city with a view
Feast at Time Out Market Lisbon
Housed within the historic Mercado da Ribeira, Time Out Market Lisbon brings together the best of the city's culinary offerings under one roof. Curated by the editorial team of Time Out Lisbon, the market features over 40 stalls representing top chefs, restaurants, and food artisans.
From traditional Portuguese dishes like grilled sardines and piri-piri chicken to innovative fusion cuisine, there's something to satisfy every palate. Indulge in gourmet chocolates, artisanal cheeses, and freshly baked bread. The communal seating encourages a convivial atmosphere, making it a great place to mingle with locals and fellow travellers.
Address: Avenida 24 de Julho 49, 1200-479 Lisbon
Website: Time Out Market Lisbon
Nearest Public Transportation: Cais do Sodré Station (Metro Green Line and various trains)
Stroll Along the Tagus Riverfront
Lisbon's relationship with the Tagus River is integral to its identity. Begin at the expansive Praca do Comercio, once the entrance point for traders and dignitaries arriving by sea, now a grand square lined with yellow Pombaline buildings.
Walking westward, you'll pass the Cais das Colunas, where marble steps lead down to the water. The Ribeira das Naus promenade features landscaped gardens and seating areas perfect for basking in the sun. Continue toward the 25 de Abril Bridge, and you'll reach the Docas de Santo Amaro, a lively marina area with restaurants and bars set within converted warehouses.
Address: From Praca do Comercio to Belem, Lisbon
Nearest Public Transportation: Terreiro do Paço Station (Metro Blue Line)
Delve into Art at the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum
The Calouste Gulbenkian Museum houses an extraordinary collection amassed by Armenian oil magnate Calouste Sarkis Gulbenkian. The museum is divided into two main galleries: Founder's and Modern collections.
The Founder's Collection showcases over 6,000 pieces spanning 5,000 years, including Egyptian artefacts, Islamic art, Asian ceramics, and European paintings by masters like Rembrandt, Monet, and Renoir. The Modern Collection focuses on Portuguese art from the late 19th century to the present, highlighting the nation's artistic evolution.
Surrounding the museum are beautifully landscaped gardens featuring ponds, walking paths, and sculptures. The tranquil setting provides a perfect complement to the artistic treasures inside.
Address: Avenida de Berna 45A, 1067-001 Lisbon
Website: Calouste Gulbenkian Museum
Nearest Public Transportation: Sao Sebastiao Station (Metro Blue and Red Lines)
Experience Fado at Clube de Fado
Immerse yourself in an evening of Fado music at Clube de Fado. Located in the heart of Alfama, this intimate venue offers a genuine experience of Portugal's traditional music genre, characterized by its expressive and melancholic melodies.
As you dine on authentic Portuguese cuisine, talented Fado singers perform heartfelt songs accompanied by the haunting sounds of the Portuguese guitar. The dimly lit, stone-walled setting enhances the emotive atmosphere, making for an unforgettable night that resonates with the spirit of Lisbon.
Address: Rua S. João da Praça 86, 1100-521 Lisbon
Website: Clube de Fado
Nearest Public Transportation: Terreiro do Paço Station (Metro Blue Line), then a short walk
Relax in the Gulbenkian Gardens
Gulbenkian Gardens offer a tranquil retreat in the heart of the city. Adjacent to the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, this 7.5-hectare park is a harmonious blend of nature and art. The gardens are meticulously designed with a diverse collection of plants, from native Portuguese flora to exotic species, creating a tapestry of colours and textures.
Meandering paths lead you past ponds and streams that attract ducks, swans, and other wildlife, providing serene spots to sit and reflect. Contemporary sculptures are thoughtfully placed throughout the gardens, inviting contemplation and enhancing the natural beauty of the surroundings.
The gardens become a cultural hub in the summer, hosting open-air concerts and performances that add a vibrant energy to the peaceful setting. For families, there's a designated playground area where children can play and explore safely. Whether you're seeking solitude with a good book or a leisurely stroll amid nature, the Gulbenkian Gardens offer a rejuvenating experience.
Address: Avenida de Berna 45A, 1067-001 Lisbon
Website: Gulbenkian Gardens
Nearest Public Transportation: São Sebastião Station (Metro Blue and Red Lines)
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